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期刊瀏覽英文第463期

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編輯者 謹識

 

http://www.it.thit.edu.tw/it/東亞論壇網頁/index.htm

 

東亞區域經濟發展與台灣產業結構的變化

-兼論金融危機中的台灣經濟-

An Analysis on the Relationship Between East Asia Economic Development and Changes in Taiwan Industrial Structure

 

洪振義

Cheng-Yih Hong

朝陽科技大學財務金融系副教授

Department of Management, Chaoyang University of Technology

E-mail:hcyih@mail.cyut.tw

 

 

 

摘要

 

當今世界版圖中,形成所謂的「世界經濟三極化體制」,分別為以美國為中心的NAFTA (North America Free Trade Agreement),歐盟以及東亞區域經濟圈,在貿易以及資本的自由化,國際化,全球化進展下,將此「三極化體制」緊密結合在一起。全球50億人口,其中亞洲占了30億,亞洲是一個「龐大消費市場」,這個「龐大消費市場」包含了「世界工廠」之稱的中國,與「世界IT基地」的印度。在東亞區域當中有日本,和台灣、韓國、新加坡及香港所形成的「新興工業經濟體」(NIEs :Newly Industrializing Economies),以及緊接在後的泰國、馬來西亞、菲律賓、印尼等構成的「東南亞國協」(ASEAN :Association Southeast Asian Nations),這些國家扮演戰後提供國際市場的商品需求,台灣也是在這樣的背景下,發展產業並創下高度的經濟成長。

 

中國經濟的崛起對東亞各國產生了影響,隨著與中國的經貿往來,台灣產業結構也必須加以調整和轉變。產業調整的結果,貿易依存度逐年提高,特別對中國出口依賴程度遠超過其他國家。東亞區域間相關係數高,象徵各國間貿易的緊密程度,說明了「東亞化的東亞經濟」形成的結果。

 

由產業關聯分析模型估算出WTO加盟前後輸出變化要因與投入係數變化要因扮演台灣經濟成長的重要角色,兩岸經貿的形態呈現出國際分工,進口中間財,經過加工後以最終財輸出,是屬於垂直式,生產分工型的產業內貿易,台灣對中國大陸的貿易中,以「纖維」部門是典型代表。

 

2008年的金融危機對台灣的經濟影響很大,也產生大量的失業人數,要改善這種現象需視美國房地產價格止跌回升與美國實體經濟回復而定。

 

關鍵詞:產業結構,產業關聯分析模型,產業內貿易,金融危機


 

Abstract

In the world economy, three economic systems are distributed now. These are NAFTANorth America Free Trade Agreement, EU and East Asia. Under the liberalization and the globalization, economic relations are concluded more closely. World population is 5,000,000,000, but Asia 3,000,000,000 hold population. Asia is a big consumption market. In this area, China is called “Factory of the World” , India is called “IT production center of the World”. In East Asia area, Japanese ,NIEs (Newly Industrializing Economiesand ASEAN (Association Southeast Asian Nationsare included.

 

Chinese economy gives East Asia big influence. Taiwanese industry structure must adjust it. A result of the adjustment of the Taiwan industry structure will depend on a China's economy. This study analyzed Taiwan economy with an I-O(Input-output) method.

 

2008 subprime mortgage influence in Taiwan economy. As for the financial crisis, the unemployment rate increases. The recovery of the Taiwan economy (is time )when American house price rises.

 

Key words: globalization, Industrial Structure, Input-output model

 

 

移轉訂價對企業經營績效之影響

以投資中國大陸之台商為例

The Effect of Transfer Pricing on Business Performance:

An Empirical Study of Enterprises investing in China

 

 

李正文       黃小芬

Cheng-Wen Lee  Portia Huang

中原大學國際貿易學系副教授兼系主任

Associate Professor, Department of International Trade, Chung-Yuan Christian University

E-Mail: chengwen@cycu.edu.tw

中原大學國際貿易學系碩士

Department of International Trade, Chung-Yuan Christian University

 

 

摘要

    近年來,台灣企業在國際化與全球化之下產生極大的變化,對外投資的金額遽升,多國籍企業投資人及其會計師,用盡心思以租稅負擔極小化來達到利潤極大化目的。自2005年起台灣正式實施移轉訂價法令,本研究採用資料包絡分析法來衡量企業在法令實施前後經營績效的變化,以在台上市電子業38家公司為樣本,研究期間為2003年至2005年。利用CCR 模式與BCC 模式來探討無效率之原因。實證結果發現,2003年有8家具整體技術效率,2004年有9家具整體技術效率,2005年有15家具整體技術效率,其中有6家連續三年皆呈現整體效率佳之情況。而不具整體技術效率之公司主要在於投資過多,營業收入不足。因全球化稅務管理趨於一致,未來企業在整體上的管理,稅務成本的減少將不再是唯一的考量,本研究提供企業和政府在執行政策應考量的方向。

 

關鍵詞:移轉訂價、資料包絡分析法、技術效率

 

Abstract

In recent years, the amount of foreign investments by Taiwan’s enterprises has grown up enormously. The investors of the multinational enterprises and CPAs attempt to maximize the global profit by minimizing the tax burden. This study uses Data Envelopment Analysis to evaluate business performance of enterprises -- before and after Taiwan’s government adopting the “transfer pricing” regulation in 2005 -- and employ CCR and BCC to explore the reasons of causing low efficiency. The data are gathered from the sample of 38 electrical companies in open market during 2003~2005 period. The results show 8 companies with technical efficiency in 2003, 9 companies in 2004, and 15 companies in 2005. Besides, most companies reach constant return scale. Taxation is not only one consideration taken into investments, and how to make better business performance is more emphazied. This study provides some suggestions for decision-makers of governmental policy.     

Keywords: transfer pricing, Data Envelopment Analysis, technical efficiency

 

 

服務科學與服務創新策略

Service Sciences and Service innovation strategies

 

吳偉文

Wei-Wen Wu

大華技術學院 國際貿易系 副教授

Associate Professor, Department of International Trade, Ta-Hwa Institute of Technology

E-mail: itmike@thit.edu.tw

 

 

摘要

無論在個別企業或在整體經濟之中,服務的角色與地位,具有明顯而優越的重要性。對已發展國家而言,服務部門佔國內生產毛額(GDP)的比重約達75%,並且,服務業遠比農業和製造業,雇用更多勞工。今日,各種企業經營都越來越倚重基於服務的商業運作,即使是製造業,在其經營模式之中,也必須整合與納進服務收入。為求理解與掌握服務創新對於全球經濟和商業環境的影響與意涵,服務科學的發展與促進,實有必要。服務科學的終極目標,在於增進服務創新。本文除探討服務科學的相關課題之外,也提出一些有益於思考服務創新策略的基礎概念,以供作為後續研究和實務應用之參考。

 

關鍵字: 服務科學、服務創新策略

 

 

Abstract

 

The dominant role of services in individual businesses and entire economies has become evident. The service sector comprises roughly 75 percent of the gross domestic product of developed nations and employs more people worldwide than either agriculture or manufacturing. Nowadays, all kinds of companies are more and more reliant on service-based business. Even though manufacturing companies, they are generating significant revenues by incorporating services into their business models. Grasping the growing significance of service innovation in the global economy and the business world, there is a need to develop service sciences which aims to increase service innovation. This paper addresses the issues of service sciences as well as proposes the basics of service innovation strategies.

 

Keywords: Service sciences; Service innovation strategy.

 

探討S外商銀行購併H本土銀行後之策略研究-

AHP為例

Post Acquisition Strategy for Foreign Banks:

An Analysis using AHP

 

 

 


 

徐承毅     謝雅惠        鍾承璋        朱浩軒

  Chen-Yi Hsu  Ya-Hui Xie  Cheng-Chang Chung  Hao-Hsuan Chu

開南大學 國際企業學系

Dept. of International Business, Kainan University

E-mail: Lawrence@mail.knu.edu.tw; ya-hui@mail.knu.edu.tw

          m09702004@ms.knu.edu.tw; b95102330@ms.knu.edu.tw


 

 

 

 

 

摘要

    本研究主要是希望透過S外商銀行其併購H本土銀行之案例,了解金融購併及其策略,並且希望探討全球經濟低迷之下,該銀行如何重新自我定位,制定新的策略走向和營運方針,透過層級分析法,加以分析市場、企業及員工等三個構面來探討在購併案之後,個案公司的經營策略應該重視哪些層面,作為未來相關產業面臨類似情形時的參考與建議。

 

關鍵字:層級分析法、銀行購併

 

 

 

Abstract

 

In this research, we analyze the case for the acquisition of local bank H by the foreign bank S to probe into the financial acquisition strategy and market positioning. Further, by using AHP to analyze the phases of market, corporate and employees, we intend to find out how should banks reposition themselves and set up new direction for strategy and operations under current global economic downturn.

 

Keywords: Analytic Hierarchy Process analysis (AHP), Bank Amalgamation


 

論日本「北方領土」問題的爭議與展望

The Disputes and Perspectives of the Kuril Islands Issue

 

許金彥

Chin-Yen Hsu

南榮技術學院企業管理學系專任助理教授

Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration,

Nan Jeon Institute of Technology

e-mail: tedo0704@mail.hku.edu.tw

 

 

摘要

 

「北方領土」,即日、俄交界之南千島群島,該地所以存在主權爭議,雖係二次大戰的結果,但其背景實源自十八世紀以來日、俄長期角力之種因。由於日、俄國境相鄰,歷史往來堪稱密切;惟以「北方領土」問題之爭議,導致兩國至今仍未締結和約,非僅日俄關係停滯於冷戰狀態,亦且波及東北亞區域安全而影響深遠。本文之目的,即在透過「北方領土」問題之觀察,藉以檢視形成日、俄冷戰之背景要因,並探討解決爭議的可能選項,以提供相關論述之參考與助益。

 

關鍵字:北方領土、千島群島、日俄關係、冷戰、東北亞安全

 

 

 

Abstract

 

The Kuril Islands, or Hoppo Ryoto in Japanese, which means the Northern territories, are small islands between Japan and Russia. Both Japan and Russia claim sovereignty over them. The dispute on the islands arose after the Second World War, but this dispute can be traced back to their long-term competition since the 18th century. Their disputes on these islands influenced not only Russo-Japanese relations but also Northeast Asian safety. This paper is intended to analyze the background and element of Russo-Japanese cold war and analyze the resolution of their disputes from the study of the Kuril Islands issue.

 

Keywords: The Northern territories, The Kuril Islands, Russo-Japanese relations, Cold war, Northeast Asian safety

 

 

 

 

主管領導行為與專業技術對研發團隊績效之

影響研究~ 以某研發中心為例

Research on the Influences of Manager’s Leadership and Technical Knowledge on the R&D Team Performance:

A Case of R&D Center

 

1葉鳴朗、2楊予筑、3蔡志弘

1Ming-Lang Yeh, 2Yu-Chu Yang and 3Chih-Hung Tsai

1中華大學 經營管理所 助理教授

1 Assistant Professor, Department and Graduate School of Business Administration

Chung-Hua University

1中華大學 經營管理研究所 碩士

1 Department and Graduate School of Business Administration

Chung-Hua University

2大華技術學院 工業工程與管理系教授

2 Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management

Ta-Hwa Institute of Technology

E-mail: ietch@thit.edu.tw

 

 

摘要

臺灣經濟發展以高科技產業為主流,在高科技產業中的創新能力開發,主要仰賴研發人員建立之研發團隊所創造之無形智慧資產,而在如何統整研發人員的專業知識及技術開發之無形智慧資產,進而建立企業核心競爭能力的問題下,突顯研發團隊管理者之重要性。而研發團隊管理者的領導行為與其理工專業知識所具備之技術能力背景,是否能有效管理所屬研發人員或提供專業指導,為本研究之目的。本研究之研究結果顯示,在領導行為及主管所具專業單一構面發現,領導行為屬高關懷型之主管影響研發團隊績效顯著;領導行為屬高體制型之主管影響研發團隊績效顯著;主管專業影響研發團隊績效顯著。而在領導行為及主管所具專業技術雙構面分析下,發現下領導行為屬高關懷型且具專業技術之主管影響研發團隊績效顯著;領導行為屬高體制型且具專業技術之主管影響研發團隊績效顯著;領導行為屬高體制型且具專業技術之主管較高關懷型且具專業技術之主管影響研發團隊績效較顯著。

關鍵字:領導行為、團隊績效、研發團隊

 

 


 

Abstract

 

Taiwan’s economy development relies heavily on high-tech industries. The innovation and research of high-tech industry is based on R&D team’s intelligence assets. And, it is crucial to company’s core competitive advantages. Thus, the coordination of these technology and knowledge of R&D team are essential to these high-tech companies. The R&D team manager’s leadership and technical knowledge will affect the effectiveness of the team’s performance. In this study, it shows that benevolent manager, autocracy manager and technical knowledge of the manager affects the performance of the R&D team significantly. In two factors analysis, it shows that benevolent manager with technical knowledge affects the performance of R&D team significantly. And, this analysis shows that it is significant that autocracy manager with technical knowledge affects R&D team’s performance. In addition, autocracy manager with technical knowledge has better influence on team’s performance than benevolent manager with technical knowledge do.

 

Keywords: Leadership, Team Performance, R&D Team

 

 

 

台灣企業會計師兼營非審計服務與查核意見之關聯性研究:以聯立迴歸實證分析

The Relationship between Non-audit Service Provision and Auditors’ Opinions in Taiwanese Firms: An Application of Simultaneous Equations

 

 

蔡璧徽  盧玥礽

Bi-Huei Tsai, Yueh-Reng Lu

國立交通大學 管理科學研究所 助理教授

Assisdent Professor, Department of Management Science,

National Chiao Tung University

國立交通大學 管理科學研究所 碩士

Department of Management Science, National Chiao Tung University

E-mail:bhtsai@faculty.nctu.edu.tw

 

摘要

安隆(Enron)公司案例凸顯「會計師兼辦其他業務」是審計與公司治理的重要議題,本研究即是同時考量審計供給面與需求面,採用聯立迴歸實證分析方法,探討會計師同時提供審計及非審計服務與會計師出具查核意見兩者間的交互影響;並進一步驗證「公開發行公司年報應行記載事項準則」第十一條第四項規範「公司財務報表應揭露會計師兼營重大非審計服務」的政策是否符合立法意旨。本研究先針對2002年至20066,040筆台灣上市公司作測試,研究結果發現會計師對同一客戶同時提供非審計服務且金額佔審計服務的比例重大,